The views expressed in the case study are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent those of the National Round Table, its members, or the members of the program’s Task Force. [...] The intention of the NRTEE’s Boreal Forest program is to improve conservation efforts in the allocated portion of the boreal region and, by extension, to ensure that encroachments into the other parts of the region are undertaken in a sustainable manner employing best practices. [...] Work for this case study included a review of the literature and studies relevant to the region, a review of legislation that affects the conservation and use of the boreal forest, and interviews with numerous stakeholders, researchers and other people who are knowledgeable about the region. [...] Timmins is the largest community in the region, but the total population in the Quebec part of the Abitibi region exceeds that in the Ontario sector, in the major communities and in general. [...] The Rapide-2 and Rapide-7 hydropower plants, built in the 1940s and 1950s, are part of a succession of run-of-river plants located in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of the Outaouais River.