Science advice is needed to support the identification of federal sites in the marine environment that are not protected areas, but nevertheless contribute to the objectives of the targets, and should therefore be recognized and reported as “other effective area-based conservation measures”. [...] Further, in WCC2012Res035-2 of the IUCN World Conservation Congress, the IUCN definition of a protected area, including the full range of protected area management categories and governance types, will be the primary basis for the inclusion of protected areas to contribute towards meeting Target 11; however, OEABCMs can also contribute to reaching the target. [...] A biodiversity conservation benefit is defined as follows: The benefit attributable to a conservation action is the difference between the outcomes of two scenarios for a specified site/area: (1) the scenario with the conservation action, and (2) the alternative scenario, in which action did not occur. [...] For example, an ABMM implemented to increase abundance or manage the harvest of species X also results in co-benefits for species Y and Z. The likelihood that an ABMM is contributing to halting the loss of biodiversity increases if co- benefits are known or can be inferred, and are expected to continue into the foreseeable future; this likelihood further increases as the number of ecological compo [...] Therefore the duration of the implementation of an ABMM must be considered in the biological context of the biodiversity it intends to protect.